佛教英文導遊詞
短句翻譯
1．佛教創立於約西元前6—5世紀的印度。
Buddhism was founded in India around the 6th to 5th century B．C．
2．據說佛教創始人為釋迦牟尼。
It is said that the founder of Buddhism was Sakyamuni．
3．大約在2世紀，大乘佛教傳人漢人居住的中原地區。
About the 2th century，Mahayana Buddhism entered Central China，inhabited by the Han nationality．
4．“三寶”即“佛”、“法”、“僧”。
The Three Precious Treasures include the Buddha，the Dharma(Law 0r Way)and the Sangha(the Monastic Order)．
5．佛教在中國一直與儒學、道教共存。
Buddhism has always co-existed with Confucianism and Daoism．
6．佛像和菩薩雕塑供奉在寺院裏，讓人們拜祭。
Buddhism has and Bodhisattva statues have been placed for worship in monasteries．
長句翻譯
7．直到現在，小乘佛教仍然流行於傣族地區。
Up to the present time．Hinayana Buddhism (Lesser Vehicle)is still prevalent as in the regions inhabited by Dai nationality．
8．傳統之間相互共存促進了有中國特色的宗教的形成。
Their mutual co-existence of the tradition has produced a religion with distinct Chinese characteristics．
9．同一個寺院裏除釋迦牟尼以外，還供奉了許多其他佛像和菩薩雕塑。
In addition to Sakyamuni, many other Buddhism has and Boddhisattvas statues have been placed in the same monasteries
10．佛教在中國傳播時，僧人把“道場”中國化，為不同的菩薩安排了不同的“道場”。
As Buddhism spread throughout China，Buddhist monks added Chinese characteristics to the Daochang and accordingly placed different Buddhas in the different Daochang in China．
11．四個主要宗派為天臺宗、華嚴宗、淨土宗和禪宗，這四個宗派都形成於西元581年到755年之間。這些宗派在中國和日本有相當大的影響。
The four major sects(Tiantai，Huayan，Jingtu and Chan)appeared between 581 and 755A.D., and they had considerable influence in both China and Japan．
12．“八正道”為“正見”、“正思維”、“正語”、“正業”、“正命”、“正勤”、“正念”、“正定”。
This eight-fold path consists of right knowledge, right thought，right speech，right behavior，fight livelihood，fight effort，right mindfulness and right concentration．
13．修“八正道”的佛法修行人渴望實現“涅磐”。“涅槧”超越了死亡和諸種煩惱，脫離了生死的輪回，進人到安靜、自在、無為的快樂境界中。
By following the eight-fold path，Buddhist followers aim to attain Nirvana, a condition of eternal and tranquil bliss that is beyond the limits of death，rebirth，thoughts and feelings．
多句翻譯
14． 釋迦牟尼是一位王子。他年輕時，痛感人世間遭受的貧窮、苦難、疾病、死亡。29歲時他毅然捨棄物欲世界，出家修行。．
Sakyamuni was a prince．When he was young, he sadly saw that people suffered in poverty，pain，sickness and death．Around the age of 29，the prince made his break from the material world and plunged off in search of enlightenment．
15．傳說，釋迦牟尼來到一棵菩提樹下，靜坐苦思，後來覺悟成佛。
As the story goes，Sakyamuni came to a fig tree．He sat beneath it and then he slipped into deep meditation．Afterwards he achieved enlightenment and became Buddha．
16．“四諦”即苦、集、滅、道。
The four noble truths：life is suffering，the cause of suffering is desire, the answer is to quench desire, and the way to this end is to follow the eight-fold path．
17．大乘佛教認為，每個人與一切眾生都有著同體的聯繫，佛祖不會入涅檗而拋棄眾生，相反，他會繼續普度眾生。
Mahayana Buddhism(Greater Vehicle)holds that the fate of an individual is linked to the fate of all others．The Buddha doesn't float off into his own Nirvana，leaving other people behind. He continues to exude spiritual、help to those see—king Nirvana．
18．小乘佛教認為，涅桀之路是個人的追求。凡要證得涅槧者，必須自己走自己的路。
Hinayana(Lesser Vehicle)holds that the path to Nirvana is an individual pursuit．People who seek Nirvana must tread its path on their own．
19．天臺宗為中國佛教最早的宗派，創始人為中國隋代的智顫。他以《妙法蓮華經》為基本依據，將其他佛教經典分為“五時八教”，提倡禪定和佛教義理雙修。
Tiantai was the earliest sect of Chinese Buddhism．It was founded by Zhiyi during the Sui Dynasty．Zhiyi took the Lotus Sutra as his basis； he classified the other Buddhist sutras into five periods and eight types of teachings and he also emphasized both meditation practice and scriptural study．
20．華嚴宗出現於西元7世紀，創始人為唐朝的法藏。此宗在西元7世紀後期傳入朝鮮，西元725年到740年之間傳人日本。
Huayan Sect was established in the 7th century by a Chinese monk，Fa Zang，of the Tang Dynasty．This sect reached Korea in the late 7th century，and Japan between 725 and 740．
21．禪宗是佛教的一個宗派。梵文“dhyana”的漢語音譯為“禪那”，意思是“靜慮”。相傳印度的菩提達摩創建了此宗禪法，中國人稱他為“達摩”。此宗重視禪定，認為人人心裏都有佛性。
Chan Buddhism is a sect of Mahayana Buddhism．The“Channa” is a transliteration of the Sanskrit term“dhyana”．which means“meditation"．It is said that the founder of the Chan Buddhism was Bodhidharma who was known to the Chinese as Da Mo．This sect emphasizes meditation，it holds that the universal“Buddha, nature” is immanent within ourselves．
22．淨土宗以描述西方淨土的印度佛教經典為基礎，凡是一心專念阿彌陀佛的修行者和認為傳統佛教的清規戒律太繁瑣的居士，都可以專修此法。
Jingtu Buddhism is based upon a number of Indian Buddhist texts describing a pure land to the west．Especially it is designed for those, who devoutly chant the name of Amitabha and for laypersons who find traditional Buddhist moral rules and meditation discipline too strict．
23．藏族人信仰佛教。藏傳佛教俗稱“喇嘛教”。在西元7世紀吐蕃國王松贊干布統治時期，佛教傳人西藏。西元14世紀末，藏傳佛教有了不同的宗派，其中包括紅教、白教和黃教。
The Tibetan people believe in Buddhism．It is called Lamaism．It spread into Tibet during the reign of Tubo King Songtsan Gambo in the 7th century．By the end of the 14th century，the Tibetan Buddhism had a variety of sects, including the Red Sect，the White Sect and the Yellow Sect．
24．西元前65年，佛教傳播到中國。傳播者為兩個印度僧人，他們受漢明帝邀請，來中國建立寺廟。剛開始，由於主流傳統文化的原因，佛教在中國並沒有什麼影響。
Buddhism was first introduced to China about 65 B．C．by two Indian monks who had been invited by Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty to establish a monastery in China．In the beginning，Buddhism did not have much influence in China due to the prevailing traditional Chinese culture．
25．在早期，佛教術語、思想，以及佛教的藝術形式必須中國本土化。初期的一種辦法是用道家術語，其優點是讓人聽起來熟悉。
At the early stage，Buddhist word and ideas, as well as its artistic forms, had to be translated into Chinese terms．One early solution was to employ Daoist terminology，and this had the advantage of sounding familiar．
26．另一種方法是不翻譯，而採用音譯，用漢字近似地再現原詞的發音，而不是表達原詞的含義。音譯很恰當地在漢語中再現外國固有名稱，並成為常規用法，迄今還在使用。
Another solution was not to translate at all but to transliterate，that is，to employ Chinese characters to approximate the sound rather than the meaning of the original word．Transliteration was most suitable for reproducing foreign proper names in Chinese, and this became the standard practice continued to this day．
27．普賢的坐騎是白象，“普賢”之意即為德行無邊無量。普賢是釋迦牟尼的肋侍之一，有些寺廟把釋迦牟尼、文殊、普賢同祀於大雄寶殿。
Puxian(Samantabhadra)symboHzes infinite virtue and is represented riding a white elephant．“Puxian”is considered to be one of Sakvamuni’s close assistants．In some monasteries, the statues of Sakyamuni．Wenshu and Puxian statues are placed in the Grand Buddha Hall．
28．阿彌陀佛又名接引佛，他隨釋迦牟尼得道成佛。接引佛為西方極樂世界的教主，能接引眾生，往生西方淨土。
Amitabha is also called Jieyin Buddha．Along with Sakvamuni．he attained the state of Buddha-hood through his perfect enlightenment．Amitabha takes charge of the Buddhist Western Paradise．and his work is to usher sentient beings into the paradise when they pass away．
29．彌勒佛通常供在寺廟的第一重殿。佛教傳人中國後，彌勒佛迅速“中國化”，在民間廣受崇拜。
The statue of Maitreya is usually placed in the first main hall of a monastery．When Buddhism entered China．Maitreya quickly took on Chinese characteristics and became popular among the people．
30．觀音有三十三種化身，如千手相、十一面相、四十八臂相。觀音有大慈大悲、救苦救難菩薩之號，他的法力廣大，因中國古典文學名著《西遊記》而家喻戶曉。
Guanyin has 33 various images．including an image with 1000 hands，an image with 11 faces． and an image with 48 arms．Guanyin serves as the Bodhisattva of perfect compassion and kindness，helping the needy and relieving the distressed．His infinite Buddhist power is known in every household due to the popularity of the famous Chinese literary classic，The Pilgrimage to the West．
31．根據佛教經典，文殊菩薩是轉輪聖王的第三太子。相傳佛教傳人中國後，他在五臺山顯相。文殊手持寶劍，表示法力廣大、智慧超凡.
According to the Buddhist classics．Wenshu was the third son of the Holy King in charge of reincarnations． Legend has it that as Buddhists entered China， Wenshu appeared on Mt．Wutai． Wenshu holds a sword that symbolizes his infinite Buddhist power and perfect wisdom．
32．根據佛教經典，地藏受釋迦牟尼的委託，立下宏願，在佛祖寂滅後、彌勒佛未降生前，盡度六道眾生，拯救諸苦。皆如願，遂成佛，稱其為地藏。
According to the Buddhist classics, during the period from the Nirvana of Sakyamuni to the advent of Maitreya， Dizang Bodhisattva vowed to save all beings from suffering in the Six Paths．He vows not to achieve Buddhahood until all the Hells are empty, and is thus therefore referred as the King of Hell．
33．四大天王被稱為“四大金剛”，源於印度佛教傳說。這四大金剛能夠驅逐邪魔，護持眾佛祖，保天下風凋雨順，故多塑於寺院的第一重殿。
The Four Heavenly Kings are depicted as the Four Warrior Attendants(Vajras)．Their origin stems from an Indian Buddhism legend，and these kings are able to drive out evil and monsters．protect Buddhas， and assure favorable conditions for the growth of crops each year．Therefore, their images are usually placed in the first main hall of a Buddhist monastery．
34．根據佛教經典，十六羅漢是釋迦牟尼的弟子。受佛祖囑託，他們不入涅槃，長住人間，受世人供養而為眾生造福。
According to Buddhist classics，Sakyamuni's disciples are sixteen Arhats．They are instructed by the Buddha not to ascend into the Buddhist Western Paradise，and instead they are asked to reside in the world, the human beings take care of them, and in return the Arhats bring benefit to human beings．
35．十六羅漢的傳說受到了漢族佛教徒對於羅漢的崇敬，他們將羅漢的人數和法力“擴大化”，於是有了“五百羅漢”之說。
The legend pf the Sixteen Arhats gave rise to the esteem for the Arhats fron Buddhist followers in the regions inhabited by the Han nationality． In addition, the followers increased the Arhat numbers and magnified their Buddhist power, thus bring forth the saying about the 500 Arhats．
應變能力練習
中峰寺古稱乾明觀，西元4世紀由乾明道長開建。據《方輿考略》載：北魏時有明果和尚住錫峨眉山寶掌峰下，見乾明道士每年農曆三月三日托東漢時瞿武升仙掌故，以妖術惑眾。明果知其為妖孽作祟，約集山民以弓弩降伏妖術，眾皆懾服。觀中道士，皆改道信佛，改觀為寺。因寺後有大小十七峰環繞，寺建于居中的白岩峰下，故名中峰寺，為山中六大故寺之一。唐宋間，寺中高僧名士雲集，規模宏大，寺周遍種白牡丹，林園花開，冠于全山。
zhongfeng Monastery has an old name．Qian-ming Tempk． A Daoist abbot whose name was Qian-ming, built the temple in 4th century. During the Northern Wei, according to the relevant historical documents, a Buddhist monk by the name of Mingguo stayed under the foot of the Baozhang Peak of Mt. Emei. Every March 3 of the Chinese Lunar Calendar, Monk Minggno saw Qianming practice witchcraft to deceive people by spreading the story in which Qu Wu of the Eastern Han Dynasty ascends to Heaven as an immortal. Monk Mingguo knew that it was the mischief done by the evildoer. So he gathered some local people to subdue the witchcraft with arrows and bows. Everyone agreed to obey Mingguo because of his persuasive power. Even the Daoist priests in the Qianming Temple were all converted to Buddhism, and the Daoist temple became a Buddhist Monastery. It was named the Zhongfeng Monastery, which means "the Central Peak", because the monastery is located right at the foot of the Baiyan Peak surrounded by 17 large and smaller peaks. The monastery gradually became one of the six largest ancient monasteries on the mountain. During the Tang and Song dynasties many eminent monks and celebrities gathered in the Zhongfeng Monastery, which was magnificent in scale and layout. White peonies grew around the monastery, and the whole peak was crowned with flowers, plants and gardens．